Disease, introduced species and pest species are major disruptors to a healthy and functioning Reef ecosystem. These disruptors can reduce populations of key species, disrupt food chains and displace the ecological balance underpinning the biodiversity of the Reef.
Disease outbreaks may result in species population decline due to mass mortality, or reduced rates of reproduction and growth. Proliferation of disease outbreaks are linked to environmental factors such as increased ocean temperatures and reduced water quality which can exacerbate their impact.
Introduced and pest species in the Reef can include native species such as the crown-of-thorns starfish, and non-native species such as the white colonial sea squirt. Such species threaten biological diversity in an ecosystem by increasing competition, modifying habitats, or affecting food chains.
Relevant resources
Crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) Control Program
